A Study to assess the effectiveness of Videoteaching program on knowledge regarding child CPR among third year B.Sc. Nursing students at selected College, Salem

 

Pavithra S

Asst. Professor, Kamala College of Nursing, Salem 636001, Tamil Nadu.

 

ABSTRACT:

Background: A study to assess the effectiveness of video teaching program on knowledge regarding Child Cardio Pulmonary Resuscitation (CPR) among third year B.Sc(N) students, at selected college Salem. Cardio pulmonary resuscitation is the techniques of basic life support for the purpose of oxygenation to the heart, lungs and brain until and unless the appropriate medical treatment can come and restore the normal cardio pulmonary function. Objectives: 1) To assess the knowledge level of third year Nursing students regarding child CPR. 2) To evaluate the effectiveness of video teaching program on knowledge regarding child CPR among third year B. SC Nursing students. 3) To find out the association between knowledge regarding child CPR among third year B.SC Nursing students with selected demographic variables. Methods: A pre-experimental design with one group pre-test and post-test design was adopted to assess the effectiveness of video teaching program on knowledge regarding child CPR among third year b.sc nursing students at selected college, Salem. The total sample size was 30 students. They were selected by using non-probability convenient sampling technique. Results: The results show that pre-test and post-test level of knowledge regarding Child CPR among third year B.Sc(N) students before and after video teaching program. In In pre-test 0(0%) had inadequate, Moderate and Excellent adequate knowledge, 30(100%) had Mild adequate knowledge. In post-test 0(0%) had mild and Excellent adequate knowledge, 9(30%) had Mild adequate knowledge, 21(70%) had Moderate adequate knowledge among students. Conclusion: There is no significant correlation between level of knowledge score and selected demographic variables regarding age, residual area, father and mother education, 12^th group, previous knowledge and sources of information. There is association between level of knowledge score with demographic variables regarding sources of information.

 

 

 

INTRODUCTION:

Out-of-hospital cardiac arrest (OHCA) is a major public health concern accounting for a substantial number of deaths worldwide. Each year, over 700,000 people in Europe and the USA suffer from OHCA.

 

The survival to hospital discharge rate following OHCA remains low, ranging from 5 to 10%.^1,2,3 Bystander cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) is crucial for improving the chances of survival of sudden cardiac arrest patients and their neurological outcomes.⁴ Bystander CPR rates differ widely across European countries.³ It is estimated that at least 15% of the population would have to be trained in CPR for a significant increase in survival rates after OHCA, but this cannot be achieved through voluntary trainings for the lay population alone; therefore, mandatory training of schoolchildren would be an important measure.^5,6 Awareness of the importance of CPR must be raised in early childhood education⁷, as CPR training improves the safety culture in schools and shifts the responsibility from adults to children, which could result in long-term structural changes.⁶

 

STATEMENT OF THE PROBLEM:

A study to assess the effectiveness of video teaching program on knowledge regarding child CPR among third year B.sc Nursing students at selected college, Salem.

 

NEED FOR THE STUDY:

CPR is a rescue procedure to be used when the heart and lungs have stopped working. There is a wide variation in the reported incidence and outcome for out of hospital cardiac arrest. This difference is due to definition and ascertainment of cardiac arrest as well as differences in treatment after its onset. Several authors described the problem of poor performance in CPR, even when provided by medical professionals. Numerous investigations have reported the problem of poor skills retention after various CPR courses. Studies reporting the need for improvement of resuscitation technique led to the recent changes in Basic Life support (BLS) and Advanced Life Support (ALS) algorithms.⁴ In the light of above, the investigator found it is desirable to assess the knowledge and skill in CPR technique among the degree students and also to update the knowledge and improvement in the skill. The way to learn CPR is to practice CPR. Educating the students and creating awareness in helping them to learn more about CPR and it help to prevent death occurring due to cardiac arrest. Early initiation of CPR improves the chance of successful resuscitation and survival.⁵

 

OBJECTIVES:

·       To assess the knowledge level of third year nursing students regarding child CPR.

·       To evaluate the effectiveness of video teaching program on knowledge regarding child CPR among third year B. SC Nursing students.

·       To find out the association between knowledge regarding child CPR among third year B.SC Nursing students with selected demographic variables.

 

OPERATIONAL DEFINITIONS:

1.     Assess: It is the organized, systematic and continuous process of collecting data from the third year B.Sc (N) students regarding CPR.

2.     Knowledge: It refers to correct facts and information obtained by B.Sc (N) students regarding CPR from video teaching programme.

3.     Effectiveness: It refers to capability of producing desired output on video teaching program among child CPR as experienced by third year B. Sc(N) students which is measured by questionnaires method.

4.     Cardio pulmonary resuscitation: It refers to an emergency procedure that combines chest compression often with artificial ventilation in an effort to manually preserve intact brain function unit further measure are taken to restore spontaneous blood circulation and breathing in a person who is in cardiac arrest.

5.     Video teaching program: It refers to systematically developed instruction designed to provide information regarding Child CPR to third year B.Sc (N) students.

 

HYPOTHESIS:

H₁:   There will be significant difference between pre-test and post-test level of child CPR among third year B.Sc (N) students.

H₂:   There will be significant association between the knowledge level with selected demographic variables.

 

ASSUMPTIONS:

·       The study assumes that the third year B.Sc (N) students may have inadequate knowledge about revised CPR.

·       Video teaching program help the students to get a clear knowledge regarding child CPR.

 

REVIEW OF LITERATURE:

Awwma Ma, Ayltou, BHE (Hons) (2017) - Conducted a questionnaire survey. This study investigated CPR knowledge attitude of 383 student aged 15-16 years across 18 school to understand barriers and for CPR delivery. Questionnaire pilot tested and validated by a panel of health professionals was distributed to students using a convenience sampling methodology. The results show most students (87%) had not received CPR training, with common reasons for not attending being lack of time, lack of interest and not sure where to attend a course. Result of Mann Whitney U test indicated that students who had received training scored significantly (P<0.05) higher on factual knowledge and also attributes towards CPR training then those without training. There were no gender differences. Most student reported that they would attempt to perform CPR in a cardiac arrest situation.

 

Bander Aziz AI, et. Al (2020), - Conducted a cross-sectional study in the secondary school in Al-Qassim region. Thirty of 99 schools were randomly selected; ten teachers from each school were enrolled. Teachers completed the questionnaires. t-test were used to examine whether participants with either previous CPR training or previous resuscitation experiences had higher scores on the skills test then those without training experiences. The results show 305 teachers (80% Saudi nationality) 75.4% were males and 66.5% were between the ages of 31 and 50. Among the teachers, 35.7% had completed CPR training previously but overall CPR knowledge skills were low (mean=4.0, SD=1.62). The average scores did not differ between those who had training and those who did not. The majority of teachers wanted more training (64.9%) and were willing to take a free course (78.4%).

 

Fleischhackl R Nuernberger A, (2017), conducted a prospective investigation among the school children in aplly8ing life supporting first aid. The usefulness of cardio pulmonary resuscitation training in schools has been questioned because young students may not have the physical and cognitive skills needed to corre3ctly perform such complex Trasks correctly. Students has young 9 years are able to do successfully and effectively learn basic life support skills including AED (Automated Electric Defibrillator) deployment, correct recovery position and emergency calling. As in the adult’s physical strength may limit depth of chest compression and ventilation volumes but skill retention is good.⁸

 

RESEARCH METHODOLOGY:

The methodology of research indicates the general pattern of organizing the procedure for assembling valid and reliable data for investigation.

 

Research approach:  Quantitative approach

Research design:

Pre-experimental design with one group pre-test and post-test design.

 

Variables:

·       Independent variables: video teaching program

·       Dependent variables: knowledge of Child CPR

 

Setting of the study:

The study was conducted in SPC Institute of Nursing Education and Research, Achankuttapatty, Salem.

 

Population:

Population is the entire aggregation of cases which meet designated set of criteria. The population of this study is          B.Sc (N) III-year students.

 

Sample:

Sampling refers to the process of selecting the portion from population represent the entire population. B.Sc(N)                                                                               III-year students studying SPC Institute of Nursing Education and Research, Achankuttapatty, Salem.

 

Sample size:

The sample size is 30 students 19 to 20 years.

 

Sample technique:

In this study, non-probability convenient sampling technique was used.

 

Criteria for sample selection:

Inclusion criteria:

·       Students who were studying SPC Institute of Nursing Education and Research, Achankuttapatty, Salem. Students who were between the age group 18-21 year.

·       Students those who could speak and understand either Tamil or English. • Students who were available on the day of data collection.

 

Exclusion criteria:

·       Not willing to participate in the study. • Not available during data collection. • Students who had undergone video teaching program previously.

 

Description of the tool:

The tool is consists of two parts demographic variables and knowledge regarding child CPR.

 

Demographic variables:

Demographic variables consists of questions such as age, residence, educational status of father and mother, sources of information.

 

Knowledge questionnaire:

It consists of 30 questions to assess the knowledge regarding child CPR.

 

Data analysis:

The collected data was analysis by using describe statistics such as percentage, mean and standard deviation, the collected data is percent in the form of tables and figures.

 

RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:

Table 1: Frequency and percentage wise distribution of socio demographic variables                                                n = 30

S. No	Demographic variables		Frequency	Percentage
1	Age	18-19	6	20
		20-21	24	80
2	Types of residual area	Urban	8	26.7
		Rural	22	73.3
3	Father education	Primary education	16	53.3
		Higher education	13	43.3
		Post graduate	1	3.3
4	Mother education	Primary education	15	50
		Higher education	12	40
		Post graduate	3	10
5	12th group	Math biology	25	83.3
		Pure science	4	13.3
		Vocational	1	3.3
6	Previous knowledge	Yes	30	100
		No	0	0
7	Sources of information	Media	7	23.3
		Books	19	63.3
		Friends	4	13.3

*Significance at p≤0.05 level

 

Table 2: Comparison of pre-test and post-test level of knowledge regarding child CPR among third year B.sc (Nursing) studentsn =30

Knowledge level	Pre test		Post test
	F	%	F	%
Inadequate	0	0	0	0
Mild adequate	30	100	9	30
Moderate adequate	0	0	21	70
Excellent	0	0	0	0

*Significance at p≤0.05 level

 

Table 3: Pre-test and Post-test by using paired t-test.n = 30

	Mean	SD	Mean difference	t-value	DF	P value	Table value (p value = 0.05)
Pre test	36.53	4.33	16.73	14.13	29	1.54	2.042
Post test	53.27	4.35

*Significance at p≤0.05 level

 

Table 4: Mean and standard deviation of pre-test and post-test level of knowledge regarding child CPR.  n = 30

S. No.	Child CPR     Knowledge  level	Maximum Score	Pretest		Posttest	Difference in Mean %
			Mean	SD	Mean %	Mean	SD	Mean %
1	25	30	36.53	4.33	40.7	53.27	4.35	59.3	18.6

*Significance at p≤0.05 level

 

Table 5 Association between the knowledge regarding child CPR with their selected demographic variables among third year B.Sc. Nursing students. n = 30

mographic variables	df	x2	Table value
in years	1	1.66	3.841
Area	1	0.197	3.841
Father education	2	1.18	5.991
Mother education	2	2.57	5.991
Educational status	2	1.86	5.991
Previous knowledge	1	0	3.841
Source of information	2	0.3	5.991

*Significance at p≤0.05 level

 

DISCUSSION:

The study to assess the knowledge of third year nursing students regarding Child CPR at selected college, Salem. The result shows that Pretest and posttest knowledge level of Child CPR among third year B.Sc(N) students before and after video teaching program. In pretest 0(0%) had Inadequate, Moderate and Excellent adequate knowledge, 30(100%) had Mild adequate knowledge. In posttest 0(0%) had Inadequate and Excellent adequate knowledge. 9(30%) had Mild adequate knowledge, 21(70%) had Moderate adequate knowledge among students. The results showed that there is no significant association between knowledge regarding Child CPR among third year  B.Sc(N) students and selected demographic variables regarding age, residence, educational status of the father and mother, 12^th group, previous knowledge, sources of information.

 

CONCLUSION:

This study concluded that, to assess the knowledge of third year nursing students regarding Child CPR at selected College, Salem. The result shows that Pretest and posttest knowledge level of Child CPR among third year B.Sc(N) students before and after video teaching program. In pretest 0(0%) had Inadequate, Moderate and Excellent adequate knowledge, 30(100%) had Mild adequate knowledge. In posttest 0(0%) had Inadequate and Excellent adequate knowledge. 9(30%) had Mild adequate knowledge, 21(70%) had Moderate adequate knowledge among students.

 

NURSING IMPLICATIONS:

The researcher has derived the following implications from the study results which are of vital concern to the field of nursing service, nursing administration, nursing education and research.

 

Nursing practice:

·       Chief nursing supervisor should conduct continues nursing education program to nurses to update the knowledge.

·       Nurses should develop in depth knowledge about the Child CPR.

·       Nurses should be knowledgeable regarding the benefits of video teaching program is improve the level of knowledge regarding Child CPR, which should be practiced in the hospital or paediatric hospital.

 

Nursing Education:

·       Nurse educators need to equipped with in depth knowledge skill regarding video teaching program.

·       Nursing students should receive adequate training regarding the techniques of video teaching.

·       They should conduct workshops or conferences for students regarding the benefit of video teaching in a day today nursing practice and strengthen the curriculum for nurses to excel them in knowledge and skill in areas of various video teaching program.

 

Nursing Administration:

·       Nursing administrator should conduct In service education program to nurses to update the knowledge.

·       Nurses should assist in implementing public health awareness campaign aimed at improve the level of knowledge regarding child CPR.

·       Nurses should provide knowledge, resources and leadership for establishing public health policies that focus on video teaching program for improve the level of knowledge regarding child CPR among students.

·       Public information program should be designed by nurses to encourage video teaching program for students.

 

RECOMMENDATIONS:

The following study can be undertaken to strengthen video teaching program as a good method for improve the level knowledge regarding child CPR among students.

·       A similar study can be conducted with increased in the sample size.

·       A similar study can be conducted among nurses residing in hospitals.

·       A similar study can be conducted to adolescence girls and boys.

·       A similar study can be conducted to school students.

·       A similar study can be conducted in arts colleges.

 

REFERENCE:

 

 

Received on 20.03.2024         Modified on 15.04.2024

Accepted on 28.04.2024       ©A&V Publications All right reserved